Rosebud’s Wire, from the Archives

D. E. Larsen, DVM

Hardware disease results from the indiscriminate eating habits of the cow. It was frequently seen when hay was baled with wire. Any stray sharp metal, like a nail, could be involved. The hardware will fall into the reticulum, considered the second stomach. The cow’s heart lies just on the other side of the diaphragm from the reticulum. Then when the wire pierced the reticulum and the diaphragm, it would poke into the heart. This can cause acute discomfort and rarely rapid death, but more likely a slow death from an infection around the heart and chronic heart failure.

My first recollection of a cow with hardware was with our Linda cow at Broadbent. Named after my sister, Linda cow was a Jersey cross cow. Of all our cows, she was the least attractive. Probably crossed with a Guernsey, she was mostly white with some orangish brindle coloration.

In the early 1950s, hardware disease was treated with surgery. The rumen was opened on the left side, and the operator would remove some of the content, and then reach anteriorly to the reticulum and extract the offending wire. Dr. Crawford, a veterinarian from Coquille, did the surgery on Linda. She carried an ugly scar for the rest of her life, which was not unusual with that surgery.

By the 1960s, hardware disease was treated with a magnet given orally to the cow. The magnet would fall into the reticulum, secure the offending hardware, and through regular stomach activity, withdraw it into the stomach. It would stay there, with the magnet until it rusted away.

We had one valuable cow that was treated at Colorado State University Veterinary Hospital while I was in school. It was suffering from severe pericarditis (infection around the heart) from hardware disease. In a last-ditch effort to save the cow, they removed one rib section and opened the pericardium to the outside. They could flush this area a few times a day. The problem was a large amount of inflammatory tissue in the pericardium became constrictive as it aged, and the treatment failed.

My first case of hardware disease after graduation occurred in Enumclaw. Andy had called with a steer that was not doing well.

“I don’t know what is going on with him, Doc,” Andy said. “He just stands mostly and walks sort of stiff-legged when he does move.”

Andy had the steer in his old dairy barn, just loose in the stanchion area.

“Let me get my rope, and we will get a look at him,” I said.

When the lasso landed over his head on the first throw, it surprised but the steer and me. He jumped to the right, and then back to the left, and then he fell over dead.

“What the heck happened to him?” Andy said in amazement.

A quick necropsy showed a five-inch wire poking into his heart. Had I been able to restrain him quickly, a magnet possibly would have saved him. 

“My guess is you are feeding hay baled with wire,” I said. 

“Yes, I just got a new load of alfalfa,” Andy said. 

“I would suggest you give all your other cows a magnet,” I said. “It is pretty easy to do, and it is a good preventative for this type of thing. Although it is rare to see a steer drop dead like this one.”

“So, was that in the hay or did I do that when I opened the bale,” Andy asked.

“There is no answer to that question,” I said. “I guess it doesn’t matter to this guy.”

“Can we eat him?” Andy asked.

“I guess that depends on how hungry you are,” I said. “He doesn’t qualify according to the food inspection criteria. He probably had a temperature and some inflammation. Obviously, you could eat him, but I don’t think the meat will be very good.”

And then there was the call from Barney. Barney was my very first call in Sweet Home. I had only been in town for a couple of days when the phone rang.

“Doc, this is Barney. Stan over at the feed store told me you were in town. I have a cow that stopped eating a couple of days ago and she is just not doing very well. I sure would like for you to get a look at her.”

“Barney, I am really not ready to do any calls,” I said. “I don’t have most of my equipment and drugs yet.”

“If you could just look at her,” Barney said. “If I have to call Albany, it will take them 3 days to get out here. It is going to be great, having you in town.”

“Okay, I will get a look at her, but no promises,” I said.

Barney’s place was up Ames Creek. He had several acres and a couple of cows. I pulled into the driveway in our car as I didn’t have a truck yet. Barney was waiting to greet me.

“Hi, I am Barney. I hated to pressure you, Doc,” Barney said as he shook my hand. “But you have to realize how difficult it has been to get a veterinarian out here in the past. Everybody is excited that you are coming to town.”

“I’m glad to meet you, Barney,” I said. “I am here, it is just that I am not quite organized yet. Shipments of equipment and supplies are coming everyday but the clinic is way behind schedule. The little 2 bedroom apartment we have rented is bursting at the seams. We have boxes stacked to the ceiling. But let’s get a look at this cow of yours. Oh, by the way, Barney, you are my very first client in Sweet Home.”

Barney’s cow, Rosebud, was a Hereford. She was in good shape, in fact, probably a little overfed. I would guess she was 5 or 6 years old. Doing an exam showed a slightly elevated temperature and much reduce rumen motility. Everything else was within normal limits.

“How long has she been sick, Barney?” I asked.

“I noticed that she stopped eating a couple of days ago. She has just been standing around, not moving much.”

I squatted beside Rosebud on her left side. I leaned against her belly with my elbows on my knees.  I placed both hands in the center of her belly, close to the edge of her ribs. Then with a hard push upward, like a punch in the gut, I jiggled her entire abdomen.

Rosebud let out a noticeable groan. Almost a diagnostic pain response for hardware disease.

“She has wire, Barney,” I said.

“A wire, what are you talking about?” Barney said. 

“Cows aren’t very discriminating when they are chewing on hay,” I said. “If there is a wire in that hay, it goes right on down. It falls into the reticulum, a little pouch on the front on the rumen. If the wire happens to puncture the wall, it is a very short distance to the heart.”

“So, what do we do about it?” Barney asked. “It seems I have heard about them doing surgery because of a wire.”

“At this stage in the game, we rarely have to do surgery,” I said. “I will give her a magnet and some long-acting sulfa boluses. I just happen to have both of those. That should take care of things in a day or two.”

“That sounds better than surgery,” Barney said. “Do I have to do anything with her?”

“You just keep an eye on her,” I said. “Call if she is worse tomorrow. I will give you a call or probably just drop by when you get off work in a couple of days. Since you are my first call, I don’t have a lot to do just yet. I should have plenty of time to look after her.”

Rosebud recovered in a couple of days and returned to her normal appetite and activities. Barney became a good client, friend, and neighbor for a few years that we lived on Ames Creek. And he was always proud of the title of my first client in Sweet Home.

Photo by Stephen Wheeler on Unsplash

Benefits of Experience, from the Archives

D. E. Larsen, DVM

The phone jarred me awake. It was going to be another late night, and I thought calving season was over. I glanced at the clock as I picked up the receiver, 1:30.

“Doc, this is Jack. I have a llama who gave birth tonight,” Jack said in an excited voice. “They almost always birth during the morning, but this one came tonight, and she has a problem.”

“What’s going on with her, Jack?” I asked.

“I think she has a prolapsed uterus,” Jack said. “And she is not doing well. She hasn’t even looked at the baby.”

“Llamas rarely have birthing problems,” I said. “But when they have problems, it is when they give birth at night.”

“Can you come out and get a look at her, Doc?” Jack asked.

“It won’t take me too long,” I said. “You know I am in bed.”

“I know, Doc,” Jack said. “I’m sorry, but it is like when we used to have to Hoot Owl in the woods. You just got to get up and go.”

“Don’t do anything with her until I get there,” I said. “If she is not feeling well, she might be in shock. We don’t want to add any stress. Where do you have her, Jack?”

“She is in the little barn up here by the house,” Jack said. “I will have all the lights on for you.”

I have seen very few birthing issues with llamas. One with a prolapsed vagina that I ended up delivering the baby, and that was about it. If this is a prolapsed uterus, it will be a first for me. Unlike a cow, this llama is probably worth about $30,000.

Jack was waiting at the barn door when I arrived. He was having trouble standing still.

“I am glad you could come so quick, Doc,” Jack said as I stepped out of the truck. “She doesn’t look good to me at all.”

I gathered my stuff for the first trip into the barn. A stephoscope, bucket of warm water, BeI gathered my stuff for the first trip into the barn: a stethoscope, bucket of warm water, Betadine scrub, and a dose of Oxytocin. Jack had the cria under a heat lamp. Mom was paying no attention to the baby. That in its self was an unfavorable sign.

She did have a prolapsed uterus. The membranes had already passed. This did not look bad, just one horn of the uterus was prolapsed. But Momma did not look good. Her oral membranes were ghost white and she was resting on her sternum and not responsive to my attention.

“Jack, there was a day that I would blame her condition on blood loss but I think she is in shock,” I said. “Let me run back to the truck and I will get a couple of bags of fluid and some medication and we will see if that helps her before we do anything with this prolapse.”

“Is she going to be able to breed after this?” Jack asked.

“We have to worry about her surviving the night before we worry about her breeding again,” I said. “Actually, Jack, I doubt is there is much data on fertility in the llama following a prolapse. Most of the time they breed back in the first month or so following delivery. I would think that is not going to happen, but I have no data or experience on the top of my head to support any opinion.”

I hung a bag of fluids from a nail on a nearby support post for the barn and placed a 14 gauge needle in her jugular vein. I ran the fluids as fast as they would flow and added 20 mg of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate to the first liter.

Halfway through the second liter, Mom was looking for her cria and acting like she would live. I slowed the flow and gave 10 mg of Oxytocin IV. Then I turned my attention to the prolapse.

This was a fraction of the size of a bovine prolapse and the oxytocin was already contracting the uterus. I scrubbed it vigorously with Betadine Scrub. Then I lubed it with J-Lube, a powdered lube that, when wet, became as slick as anything I knew.

A couple of pushes and the uterus popped back into its normal position. I ran my hand through the cervix and made sure the uterine horns were completely returned to normal. At the same time I put a couple of grams of Oxytetracycline powder in the uterus. Then I sutured the vulva closed with several sutures.

I have never experienced a prolapse that came out a second time. Especially if Oxytocin was given to contract the uterus. But, be it training, or just making myself and the owner happy, I always sutured the vulva for a 1 – 3 days.

I cleaned up Mom and removed the IV. A gave good dose of long acting antibiotics and she jumped right up, looking for her baby.

“My guess is we are home free, Jack,” I said. “I will run by and recheck her in a couple of days and get those suture out. You just need to check her over real well in the morning. Make sure is eating and taking care of the baby. You call if you have any questions about how she is doing.”

The trip home at 3:00 in the morning gave me time to ponder. Would I have been so quick to give fluids to this gal if had not been able to peek inside of the belly of Ag’s cow a couple of summers before? I am not sure of the answer to that question. I guess once you know the correct answer, it is hard to think of another solution.

Photo Credit: https://www.pexels.com/@belen-rubio-1986517

Notes on My Father, From the Archives

Frank William Larsen, 1909 – 1993

D. E. Larsen, DVM

My father’s early life was difficult at its best. He grew into an exceptional father for having grown up without a father. He rarely spoke of his early life. And when he did, he only told stories in small snippets. It took me well over half my life to piece those snippets together into a story.

He was born in Bellingham, Washington. The last of 5 births for his mother. His father was a Norwegian sea captain who sailed lumber schooners from the Northwest to San Francisco. His father went by Samuel Lars Larsen. That is all I knew of Sam for most of my life.


Sam married my Grandmother, Mary Jane (Mollie) Coats, in Bandon, Oregon, in 1903. Sam was 43 years old, and Mollie was 21 and 5 months pregnant. They lived in Bandon and Coos Bay for several years. Sam was known for his fondest of the bottle. Some would call him a drunk, but a high functioning drunk. He had his Master’s License before the age of 40. 

In October of 1905, Sam was master of the schooner Sacramento when it ran aground on Coos Bay’s North Spite. The story was he was anchored waiting out a storm. The anchor line broke, and the ship was aground in the morning. The crew was rescued with herculean efforts by the life-saving team. This was 4 years before my father’s birth, so a large debt is owed to those men, and their wives, by many generations of subsequent Larsen kids.

In January 1906, Sam and Mollie arrived in Bellingham, where his 3 brothers lived. They had their first son and an infant daughter. According to the family story, the daughter was smothered in bed that first evening.

Sam never sailed after that. I suspect he was fired following the shipwreck. Maybe he was sobering up rather than waiting out a storm. That is unknown.

In August of 1910, when my father was 1-year-old, his 2-year-old sister died from acute bloody diarrhea. Sam and Mollie separated following that death. Mollie returned to Bandon with the 3 boys to live with her folks, Thomas and Sarah Coats.

Dad only spoke of his grandfather in Bandon a couple of times. He feared the old Irishman, probably with just cause. Dad set fire to a mattress in the upstairs bedroom when he was 3 or 4, and the old man had to throw the burning mattress out the window. That probably did not endear him to his grandson. His grandfather died when he was 4, and Dad remembered they had him stretched out on the kitchen table, preparing him for burial.

In 1917, Mollie and her mother moved to Southern California. Life was not comfortable there. In early 1920, at the age of 10, Dad and his older brother Merle, who was 13, were checked into The Boys and Girls Aid Society of Los Angeles orphanage by their mother. They were there until they turned 14, not long for Merle but over 3 years for Dad.

That Society has evolved into Five Acres (https://5acres.org). An organization offering a full continuum of care for children and families in crisis, serving over 10,000 children and families annually.

When I tracked down Dad’s records, the administrator said it was good to hear a success story from that era. That those kids had a rough life compared to today’s standards, and there were not many success stories.

Dad was released from the orphanage when he was 14. He worked as a caddie. Dad caddied for Oliver Hardy and caddied for one player in a golf tournament at Pebble Beach. His only comment of that event as he had to sleep in the car. 

During this time, he developed a love for the movies. He would stand around the theater’s entrance until a family came along and then just go through the door with them. Kids were free with paying adults.

He learned to swim well underwater because the pool had tokens on the bottom of the pool. If you found a gold token, you were given free admission the next visit.

His mother remarried when he was 16, and he did not get along with his stepfather. So he hitchhiked to Oregon and stayed with his mother’s sister, Hattie Rogers, in Coquille. He took the only job available and became a whistle punk in the logging woods.

He returned to California for a time, only to hitchhike again to Oregon. Riding the rails on the second trip, he managed to separate the cars at one point, and the hobos were unhappy because the crew kick all of them off the train.

On his second trip, he stayed with another of his mother’s sisters, Annie Tripp. He returned to high school at Myrtle Point at the age of 21. Met my mother, worked in the woods for a time after graduating. After they were married in 1934, he attended Oregon State for a couple of terms.

There are few stories of his high school years. He finished in 2 years, and I find his name on the honor rolls, something I would have never dreamed of growing up. He spoke of stealing Mom from her boyfriend, right in front of him, something I think he looked on with pride. 

1934 OSU Rooks, Frank Larsen, 4th row, behind #64. Slats Gill, 1st row, far left, in suit 

At Oregon State, he managed to make the freshman football squad, The Rooks, coached by Slats Gill. He did get his picture taken with the team but quit before the season was over.

“They just use us for fodder for the varsity,” he told Mom at the time.

After winter term, they came home to Myrtle Point, hitchhiking from Corvallis to Myrtle Point. 

I heard Dad tell a friend. “We ran out of money, and I knocked up the old lady. I had to quit.”

After that, it was work and family. Dad worked in the woods, eventually becoming a donkey puncher, and they lived in logging camps and isolated houses. My sister, Linda, was born in 1935, brothers Larry in 1936, and Gary in 1941. I came along in 1945.

Life was different in Western Oregon in the 1930s and 40s. My brother told my sister’s whittling story on a door jam, and she dropped the knife. It stuck in her eye. Dad had the one car at work, no phone in the house. Mom held my sister with a washcloth over the wound until Dad got home and could get to the doctor.

In January of 1950, Dad purchased a small dairy farm above Broadbent. I am sure this was a significant achievement in his life. We milked cows, and he continued to work in the woods. We were taught work ethics by observation. We would be considered poor by today’s standards, but we thought of ourselves as well to do. California cousins would visit. Arriving in new cars and leaving with soiled clothes and broad smiles.

Dad would build a fire in the kitchen stove, the only heat in the house, before leaving for work at 5:00 AM. Mom and kids did the morning milking before cleaning up to go to school. Dad would get home and do the evening milking, also with the kids.

Dinner was always a family affair, and you would eat what was on your plate, period. Fried chicken nights were always open warfare over the white meat. Mom became creative in cutting up the one chicken for dinner.

I was home when Dad got the call that his mother had died in 1957. He cried, the only time I saw that, and he was mad at himself for it. He never had a relationship with his mother. She never did anything for him, never sent a card to any of the kids. 

I was the youngest of four kids in our family of 3 boys and 1 girl. Everyone argues about which family position is the most favored by the circumstance of birth. I can’t resolve that debate, but I believe that I benefited from observing my siblings receiving their lessons on life from our father. 

Teenage years are always difficult to live through. My father was always there and supportive. When I was 14 or 15, I challenged him, and I learned in no uncertain terms that I was the lesser man. He came at me like a charging bull, and I learned quickly. And that was that.

He saw that I understood that a job was necessary, and I got one starting my junior year in high school. I made cheese for 4 years, after school and summers. 

“You do the best job you can at whatever you do, and you will do well in life,” he told me once. I have taken those words to the bank for many years.

I don’t think he agreed with my enlistment in the Army when Vietnam was a threat, but he supported that decision. I learned in the Army that anyone with a farm boy’s work ethic was ahead of his peers. Work hard and play hard was my philosophy for those 4 years.

Dad played very little golf when we were growing up. Money and time were always in short supply. But when they became empty-nesters, he returned to the golf course. He played well, and I never beat the man. I always thought that he would get old enough and I could beat him one day. But one of his long time playing partners died suddenly, and at 81, Dad quit the game, undefeated by his son.

A couple of years later, Dad was dying from liver disease. I believe it was from a botched gall bladder surgery, but that is another story. When the Doctor in Eugene said he had done all he could do, Dad said, “I want to go home.”

He wanted to die at home, but that was too hard for Mom. Each trip to the hospital left him weaker and weaker. His final few days were spent in a nursing home. And like in birth, death is an event we all must do ourselves.

It took several years for me to fully realize the impact of his passing had on me and my life.