Block and Tackle C-Section

D. E. Larsen, DVM

Another 3:00 AM emergency, I thought to myself as I started loading things up for my trip into the barn. Glenn was not a regular client but often helped out down the road at Ayer’s place. This large old barn told a familiar story of bygone days, once a thriving little family dairy farm, now the kids are grown, Glenn stove up enough to just being able to manage a few cows and the market for milk from small dairies has long since dried up.

I shook off the chill of the early morning air, hopefully it will be a little warmer in the barn.  Glenn was waiting with the large barn door pushed open slightly. 

“Morning Doc,” he said with a smile, “sorry to call you so early but she has been at for several hours with no progress.”

I could see the heifer tied to a center post. A large Simmental heifer with a single foot visible at her vulva. The foot was huge, this was not going to be a simple morning. 

I approached the heifer cautiously and scratched her forehead. I should have known, she was like a pet, probably the only replacement heifer Glenn had and a far cry from a wild range heifer.  I adjusted the halter to make sure it would not choke her if she went down during the exam and then moved to her rear end. The second hoof was just inside the vulva, the soles of the hooves were up. These were hind feet and they were very large, nearly filling the entire birth canal.

I tied a length of twine on the switch of her tail and secured the other end in a loop around her neck. This held the tail out of the way.  Then I scrubbed the vulva with warm water and Betadine surgical scrub. After pulling on a plastic OB sleeve I carefully inserted my hand and arm into the vulva to explore the situation. There was just enough room for my arm and the two legs of the calf. I could reach the cervix and palpate the calf’s hocks. This was a massive calf. I strained to reach past the hocks to the rump of the calf. No vulva, this was a bull calf. I inserted a finger into the rectum. There was a strong tightening, he was alive.

“Glenn, this calf must weigh 150 lbs. His two legs and my arm fill the entire birth canal,” I explained.  “The only way he is coming out of her is if we do a C-Section. He is in posterior presentation, he is alive but I don’t know if you and I can lift him out of her.”

I thought about the situation. Glenn was a small man but I knew he was no weakling. I have had difficulty in the past bringing the uterus up to a flank incision with a large calf in a posterior presentation. It would be best to use ventral midline incision. Laying the heifer down would be no problem but then lifting this calf out of her was going to be tough. 

“Glenn, do you have a block and tackle?” I asked.

“Sure, Doc, what do you want to do with it?

I pointed to a spot in the rafters that could hold the block.  “Let’s hang it there, I will lay this heifer down and roll her onto her back. Maybe we could block her up with a couple of hay bales.”

Glenn hung the block and tackle while I got things together for a C-section. The block and tackle looked like it could lift 1000 pounds. These C-sections always took me a couple of hours, probably no chance of getting back to bed before office hours.

We moved the heifer over to where I wanted the throw her. Tied her to a post and place a Flying W on her. This is a standard rope throw that I often used. It always amazed these old farmers and the story would be told over many a cups of coffee.  I put the rope over her neck in the middle of the rope, tied a loose knot that fit between her front legs.  Then threw each end over her back so they cross in the middle of her back. Then put the ends between her hind legs, exiting on each side of her udder.  I grabbed these ends, pulled hard and leaned to the right at the same time. The heifer made a hard flop onto her right side.  Glenn looked at me and smiled. By his reaction, I am certain he had never seen that before. I rolled her up on her back, and tied each hind leg to the rope so when she stained or kicked against the rope it would putt more pressure on Flying W and increase the restraint. Then we placed a bale of hay against each shoulder to maintain her on her back.

This done, I stood up and stretched a little. “I hope you can get me an extension cord?” I asked.  

Glenn had one hanging on the wall near the door and he had it plugged in and stretched out in no time.  I plugged in my clippers and clipped the ventral abdomen from the umbilicus to the udder and to both side. I scrubbed it with Betadine Surgical Scrub and wiped the incision are clean. I used 2% Lidocaine for local anesthesia, about 90 cc and left 30 cc in the syringe in case I needed more.

I did a second prep of the area and wiped it with alcohol, then spayed it with Betadine solution. I laid out my surgical pack on a hay bale and opened 4 packs of #2 Dexon suture material and a scalpel blade. Then I put on a pair of surgery gloves and dropped to my knees beside the heifer. I made an incision through the skin on the midline, about 12 inches long. Extended this though the subcutaneous tissues and exposed the linea alba (white line in Latin, that fibrous band on the abdominal midline). I made a small incision through the linea alba and inserted a thumb forceps to protect the abdominal tissues from the blade. I opened the linea the full length of the incision.  

I pulled the omentum forward and there was the uterus filling the abdomen. With one hand I tried to externalize the uterus, I could hardly move the head.  I found a foot and moved it to the incision.  I incised the uterus, using the space between the toes as a guide to the incision.  With this foot exposed through a small incision in the uterus I attached a nylon OB strap to it and hooked the loop of the strap to the hook on the tackle block.

“Take up some slack and put just a little tension on this foot,” I instructed Glenn.

I enlarged the incision just a little to allow me to reach in and find the other foot. I pulled it out and attached it to the other end of the OB strap. “A little more tension,” I said.

As the legs extended through the uterine incision, I enlarged it toward the head of the calf. Now, with most of weight on the block and tackle, I could left head of the calf to the incision. I worked the head through the incision, looked at Glenn and said “Pull”.

The calf glided out through the incision with ease. I guided the hide feet out and away from the heifer and Glenn lowered it to the floor.  Indeed, this was the largest calf I had delivered, ever bit of 150 pounds. 

He snorted and shook his head.  Glenn was all smiles. I took a towel and wiped the mucus from his nose and mouth and rubbed his chest a little.  “He will be up before his Mama,” I said.

I changed gloves and started back to work on the cow.  I removed some of the membranes through the incision but most were left to pass vaginally.  I dumped a package of 5 grams of Tetracycline powder into the uterus. I closed the uterus incision with #2 Dexon in a continuous Utrecht closure. I returned the uterus to the abdomen and covered it with omentum.  Then I started on the closure of the linea alba. I closed the linea alba with an interrupted sliding mattress closure using doubled #2 Dexon sutures. Then the free edge was closed with a simple continuous suture using #2 Dexon. 

With this done I relaxed a little, thinking to myself, if I dropped dead now the rest of the incision would probably heal on its own.  About this time, the heifer strained against the rope. The right foot came mostly free and she kicked hard. The hoof caught me on the left side of my jaw and felt like a very solid punch. It was hard enough to almost set me back on my butt. I shook my head and realized that I was okay.  I got back to my knees and retied the foot with an extra wrap or two.

I changed gloves and completed the closure. I used a simple continuous in subcutaneous tissues and a standard mattress on the skin, all with #2 Dexon, I didn’t want to have to crawl under this heifer to take out any sutures.  I sprayed the incision with Furacin spray and the whole area with fly spray.  Done at last, I thought as I stood up, pulling my gloves off.

Glenn had the calf on his feet already.  I took a bottle of Betadine and filled his umbilcal cord, saturating the surrounding area.  Then I gave him a 200 pound dose of MuSe, a vitamin E/Selenium supplement. This calf looked a month old already.  

We untied the ropes and moved the hay bales. The heifer rolled to her side and onto her sternum in one motion. When Glenn pushed the calf toward her, she jumped to her feet and took control of the calf. I gathered up my stuff and got everything back in the truck. We untied her tail and removed the halter. 

“I’ll leave her here for now.” Glenn said.

“Yes, I would keep her close for a few days, just to make sure everything is okay,” I said.  “Call if you have any concerns, but I would expect things to be fine.  She should pass the rest of her membranes tomorrow or maybe the next day.”

I got back in the truck and rubbed my jaw a little.  Opened my mouth wide, everything was okay. My guess is that foot was slowed down by the rope a little, otherwise it would have been worse.

As I headed back toward town the sky was starting to show some light in the East. I would get home for a shower and breakfast before I was due at the office.  No rest for the wicked. Sort of reminded me of my Army days.

Wounded by Her Dinner

D. E. Larsen, DVM

  I looked around as I stood in the middle of the exam room. There was nobody with me to lend a hand. All the girls in the office were suddenly gone, they were nowhere in sight. Not even watching from the far side of the clinic.

  In front of me, a near life or death struggle was unfolding. Mike and Don were trying to extract my next patient from a large dog kennel that they had sat on the exam table. The patient was making it clear, in no uncertain terms, that she was not coming out of the kennel.

  These were a couple of big boys. Actually, young men, they were both well over 6 feet tall, with broad shoulders and muscular, athletic bodies. You would think that they could handle any contents of the kennel with no problem.

  Don had assumed the lead role. He was in front of the open door to the kennel. Sort of making little sways, to and fro, following the head of the soon to be patient, Sonja. Finally, Don took a deep breath and plunged into the kennel with both hands outstretched. He had her by the head, and she didn’t like it. There were loud hissing coming from the kennel. Don pulled back with the head in his hands.

  I could see the muscles on her massive head bulging, her mouth wide open and hissing. Don began to pull her out of the kennel. The kennel bouncing and banging in all directions as she struggled to stay inside. Mike moved in to try to control her body.

  “She is really pissed!” Mike said as he grabbed her body.

  Mike’s assessment was pretty accurate. Sonja was no small snake. At twelve feet long and over 50 pounds, she was a fine specimen of a Burmese Python. Don had managed to pull her head out of kennel two or three feet. The remainder of her body was coiled in a large mass in the kennel. She continued to bang the kennel up and down on the table with forceful throws of her coils, and she had no intention of coming the rest of the way out.

  Don managed to get her head out far enough to where he could turn his body and put more pressure on extracting her.

  “Don’t let her get on my back!” Don screamed at Mike. There was real excitement in the air now. 

 “I have her!” Mike replied equally loud and excited.

 Mike had one arm around her body about six feet behind Don, and he was trying to push the kennel back with his other hand. Joleen had peeked out of the back to check on the screams.

And then it happened!

  Sonja shit a brick, literally. Big snakes eat about once a week and have a BM on about the same schedule. This BM was a white block, about four inches square and nearly a foot long. It was last week’s rabbit. 

  The odor was overwhelming. Veterinarians are said to lose their sense of smell by the end of their second year of school. For the most part, that is true. But this was unlike anything I had ever smelled before.

  Jolene turned and disappeared again. Mike turned his head away and gagged. 

  Don looked at me and said, “That really smells bad. That means she is really mad.”

  A few more minutes, and they had her out of the carrier. Here were two large, strong young men, honestly struggling to maintain control of the giant snake. I began to appreciate the power that this snake possessed. It was all of a sudden apparent that if we messed up, someone could be in real trouble. The thought brushed my mind, what would happen if this snake got loose in the clinic.

Finally, they had her under control enough that we could talk about her problem. There, on top of her head, was a large festering wound. It extended deep into the muscles of the head. It was the result of a bite from a rabbit, just before dinner time.

Snake abscess always looked different from what I was used to seeing. The exudate is dry, almost laid down in layers, reminiscent of an onion.

  I swabbed this wound with some Betadine and started scraping the exudate out, one layer at a time, beginning in the center. After all the accumulated debris was removed, I found a good bed of new, healthy, granulation tissue.

 I cleaned the wound thoroughly and disinfected it with Betadine. After cleaning, it was about the size of a dime and a centimeter deep. The good thing was the outer opening was the widest part. This would should heal uneventfully at this point. 

  Antibiotic use in the reptiles is not without some significant risks. My thought was with this wound cleaned out, and with healing underway, we would forgo any antibiotics. I layered some NewSkin over the wound.

  I handed the kennel off to be cleaned in the back. Getting the brick out to dumpster made the working environment much more pleasant. Now our only problem was to get Sonja back into the kennel.

  With the kennel sat up on end on the floor, with the door looking up, Mike began stuffing her into the carrier. I think when she realized where her body of going, she sort of relaxed. Finally, with only her head to go, Don threw her head into the kennel, and they slammed the door closed.

Everyone relaxed, you could feel the tension drain from the room. Mike and Don were both sweating and looked like a couple of guys who just stepped off the wrestling mat. 

  “I think we should probably recheck this wound every day for a few days,” I said with a smile on my face.

  The expression of the faces was worth the joke. I think everyone was happy to load the kennel back into their truck.

Image by sipa from Pixabay 

Hunting Dogs for Sale

D. E. Larsen, DVM

Cascadia is a small community located up the river from Sweet Home. It is currently little more than a wide spot in the road; however, there is a state park and a small church there. And there is a small collection of houses and small farms scattered across the open spots in the forest. In our early years, when there was still a lot of logging activity in the National Forest, Cascadia was a thriving little community with an elementary school, a store, a church, a post office, and the state park. 

Cascadia was also a center for the illegal marijuana trade in the area and probably the state. The County Sheriff Deputies were reluctant to leave the main roads. Except for Mountain House, there was nothing much except mountains and timber east of Cascadia until you came to Sisters, some 70 miles over the Cascade Mountains. 

I had several clients from Cascadia who habitually carried overdue accounts for most of the year. They would come in, usually in October, with a large roll of $100.00 bills, peel off the required amount and thank us for being understanding for their late payment. Occasionally, especially when they had a big harvest, they would pay an extra couple of hundred dollars toward the coming dry period. 

That was the background when Doug came in with a sick puppy. This was during the early days of the Parvo Virus epidemic that was sweeping the state and the country. Parvo is a devastating disease for young puppies, and this was at a time before we had a vaccine for the disease. Mortality rates were high, and treatments were not yet standardized, and they were expensive for the standards of the day. 

Doug was a middle-aged guy with rugged features. Short in stature and he walked a little bent over. He had worked in the woods in his early years, but back injuries had put him on disability. His hair on top was thinning, but his handshake remained firm. I am sure he had some other income because he was one of the annual accounts. 

This scrawny pup was approaching twenty pounds, had short grey hair, and he was sick enough that he wanted to lay down during the exam. Joey was in the clinic record as a mixed breed. He probably had some pit bull in him, but that was just a guess. 

“He has been vomiting for a couple of days, and this morning we noticed some bloody diarrhea,” Doug said as I was starting to examine the pup. 

I lifted the skin on the back of his neck, probably over 10% dehydrated, pale membranes and quite depressed. The rectal temperature was depressed, 99.0°, and there was blood dripping off the thermometer. I had not seen too many cases of Parvo Virus in Sweet Home, but this was the likely diagnosis. We had no rapid means of making that diagnosis at the time. 

“Doug, this pup has Parvo. Parvovirus is a new disease going around, and it kills a lot of pups. Very contagious, we will need to keep this guy in isolation. Treatment can be expensive, and I can’t carry that kind of an expense on your account until next fall.” 

“Doc I never heard of Parvo. Are you sure?” 

“We can get a diagnosis by sending some samples to the diagnostic lab, but this pup is going to be cured or dead by the time we get results. If we do some blood work, we can almost confirm the diagnosis, and if the white blood cell numbers are too low, that will tell us that his chances of recovery are not good. Right now, we see as many as 90% of dogs die. I think my rates of recovery are higher than that, but the numbers that I have seen are few.” 

“My problem is bigger than just this pup,” Doug confessed, hanging his head a little to avoid eye contact. “I have 13 pups at home, and this morning, about half of them are vomiting. I was hoping you could give me something for all of them.” 

“Thirteen pups, are they all from the same litter?” 

“No, they are from a couple of litters. But they are all about the same age and size. These are valuable pups, Doc. I know they don’t look like much.” 

I looked at the pup, valuable indeed, I thought. I was going to have trouble getting paid for this pup, let alone for 13 puppies. Doug’s wife and daughter could maybe give injections and subcutaneous fluids, with a little luck that might be all they would need. If we saved half of them, we would be doing good. 

“So Doc, do you think you could bring a bunch of medicine up to the house and show me what to do. Then I could treat them at home. That would save me a bunch of money, and we might get lucky. I can’t afford to pay a big fee right now, but I could afford a house call and the medicine.” 

“You have to understand, you could lose the whole bunch with that plan,” I explained. “I can bring some fluids and some injectable antibiotics up to your place and show you how to use it. But if we save half these pups, we are going to be doing good. 

“Yes, I understand the risk, but that is just the way it is going to have to be right now. When I sell a couple of these, I will have plenty of money to pay for the medication and the visit.” 

There was the key, “When I sell a couple,” this was going to be a credit, and he is planning to sell a couple of $50.00 pups to pay the bill. 

“Doug, we could also lose the whole bunch. I am going to have to have some money to cover the drug cost, at least.” 

“I have $100.00 tucked away still from the fall harvest I could give you. Would that help?” 

“Okay, I will do a quick blood count and a fecal exam. We want to make sure this isn’t a bad case of Salmon Poisoning. You could have had someone throw a fish into your yard if they were tired of listening to the pups. You go ahead and take this pup home, and I will be up there right after lunch. You might refresh directions with Sandy on your way out the door.” 

The fecal exam was negative for Salmon Disease, only a few roundworms. Doug probably wormed these pups with chewing tobacco, a common remedy around here. The white blood count was 2400, a low number but pretty good for a pup with Parvo Virus. We might have a chance with this plan. 

After a quick hamburger ordered from the Dairy Queen, I loaded the truck with 3 cases of fluids, Ringers Lactate, three dozen IV administration sets, half a box of 16 gauge, 11⁄2 inch needles and a box of 3cc, 22 gauge syringes. I mixed a 100 ml bottle of Polyflex (injectable ampicillin) and grabbed a bottle of gentamicin. 

The drive up the river will be a pleasant one. There is seldom much traffic other than a couple of logging trucks, and the river should be running clear and full for early June. It is only 19 miles to Doug’s place, but it will take well over a half an hour. 

The bushy regrowth on a couple of maple stumps mostly obscured the turnoff to Doug’s house. Several houses shared the long gravel driveway. These houses were all the same. Small, unkept yards and untrimmed hedges made finding numbers difficult. Numerous Marijuana plants were evident in the ditch along the driveway. Unattended but they grew well in our moist climate. It reminded me of the “plant a pot seed” drive conducted by the hippie crowd when I was in vet school in Colorado. They had pot plants growing all over town, drove the sheriff and police nuts. 

Doug’s was a small house, probably built in the 1930s and added onto several times. The yard was overgrown, and a large clump of marijuana plants grew in the corner of the yard. Pups were everywhere in the yard. This yard was going to be the local infection source for Parvo Virus for the next couple of years. 

Doug and his daughter, Debbie, were at the gate to greet me. Debbie was older than I had expected. She looked in her early thirties, dishwater blond, slender, with an attractive figure. We unloaded everything, and we grabbed a pup to demonstrate how I wanted them to treat them. 

“How do we know which ones to treat?” Doug asked. 

“I think it would be a good idea to treat them all. I will do a quick exam on each pup. But any pup not sick today, will be sick tomorrow.” 

I showed Doug’s daughter how to give the injections and how to administer the fluids. 

“Give each pup about 500 cc fluids under their skin on their back, between the shoulder blades is easiest. It will make a big lump, but that will go down quickly as the fluid is absorbed. You may notice some swelling around their elbows but don’t worry about that.” 

She took the instruction in stride and already and chart to keep track of what she would give each pup. 

“You give me a call every morning at about 10:00. I should be done with surgeries by then and will time to talk with you. We could lose some of these guys. We are going to need to get lucky,” I said as was getting ready to leave. 

Doug came out and handed me $100.00. “This is all I have right now, but all I need to do is sell a couple of these pups, and I can make things right with you, Doc.” 

You might need to sell more than a couple of $50.00 pups, I thought to myself. “Give me a call in the morning so we can keep track of how we are doing. And Doug, hold your mouth just right when you sleep, we are going to need all the luck we can muster.” 

The first morning the call came right at 10:00. The pups were still alive, but all of them were vomiting. Debbie had treated them all with no problems. The next morning everything was going fine, and Debbie thought most of the pups were feeling better. By the third day, it was looking like we were out of the woods with only one pup still not feeling well. It looked like we were going to get through this smelling like roses. This could be something other than Parvo.

Now all I needed was for Doug to pay the bill. 

It was a month later when Doug came into the clinic. He had a broad smile on his face as he pulled a roll of bills from his pocket. “You did great Doc. Those pups all came through that Parvo without a problem. I have already sold five of them.” 

“That’s good, we got lucky. We have a new vaccine coming out, you just have to remember to vaccinate your dogs and all the pups next time. That virus stays in the ground for over a year.” 

“I have enough to pay the bill, and I can pick vaccine for all the dogs. It has been a while since I wormed them, except for a tobacco chew, so I better pick up some worm pills also.” 

“Are you sure you have enough for the bill and all of the other stuff. You only sold five pups.” 

“These are valuable pups, Doc. I sell them as hunting dogs.” 

“Hunting dogs! What do mean by that, Doug?” 

“I train them up in the mountains, and I sell them all over the country. I don’t have any problems selling them. If I do, I just lower the price to $500.00, and they are gone almost overnight.” 

$500.00 was unheard of for dogs at the time, even the best purebred dog in Sweet Home would not sell for $500.00. 

“Doug, that is unreal, what is your initial asking price?” 

“I sell most of them for $750.00, plus whatever I need to add on to cover the shipping cost. I sell these pups all over the country. I just run a couple of little magazine ads.” 

“What kind of training do you give them? I mean, what can they hunt that makes them that valuable? Guys that run purebred hounds don’t get that kind of money for their pups.” 

“We train them up in the mountains. There is a lot of stuff that goes on in those woods that people never see unless they spend a lot of time out there.” 

“What are you talking about?” I ask, somewhat afraid of the answer. 

“Doc, where else can you buy a hunting dog that has actually been trained to track Sasquatch?” 

Photo by furkanvari from Pexels.